The Hollywood blacklist emerged from Cold War fears about communist influence in the United States. In 1947, ten writers and directors who appeared before the House Un-American Activities Committee refused to answer questions about their political associations and were cited for contempt of Congress.
How the blacklist worked
Major studios refused to employ people suspected of communist connections. Careers were interrupted, and some writers worked under pseudonyms or through intermediaries.
Read more Hollywood history in the Hollywood archive.
Why it remains important
The blacklist is remembered as a major conflict involving free expression, political pressure, employment and the power of entertainment companies.
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